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For many people, "shale gas, tight sandstone gas, flammable ice" these
abnormal energy or new expression, but it will probably give China's
existing energy pattern disruptive changes bring.
Shale gas or one of the most development potential, the U.S. natural gas
to bring is a clear proof of the change pattern: over the past five
years, the United States shale gas production growth nearly 20 times, as
the world's largest natural gas drilling in the United States, the
kingdom of natural gas output rose to about a quarter of the United
States than expected, even its natural gas is about to export, and
trigger global natural gas prices fell sharply.
As the world's second largest energy consumer, China has every reason, a
heartbeat.
Earlier this week in chengdu to 11 th the BBS of the oil and gas industry
officials and experts said China shale gas and other unconventional oil
and gas resources very impressive, but so far, exploration and
development is still in a "infancy", in view of the present exploration
technology and China's complex geological environment, and the commercial
production may still need more time.
An optimist, in view of the Chinese government is expected to in shale
gas fields will be to promote, with subsidies, fiscal and tax policy
support come on stage, China may soon unconventional energy will change
the energy structure in China to the fore.
"Shale gas mass ChanYeXing development has become a global energy field
of a major change in the world, the United States is shale gas and tight
sandstone gas development and utilization of the earliest the most
successful countries, China's unconventional natural gas resources are
very rich, also has a great potential for exploitation." China national
energy board oil and gas company priests ZhangYuQing says.
He and emphasize to 2015, China's shale gas "must have" can realize
commercial large scale production, and through the "1025" (2011 2015) of
the research, "I believe to 1035 (2016-2020), will be like the United
States, China shale gas also have fast development of China energy
structure adjustment, energy conservation and emission reduction make
positive contribution."
China coal energy has been a present to give priority to, positive energy
shortage, anyhow dilemma and look forward to the more clean energy to
alleviate the heavy pressure of energy saving and emission reduction.
But not too optimistic, in the most promising unconventional gas field
breakthrough shale gas exploration and development, China shale gas
resources mostly belongs to, not the United States continental Marine
shale gas, so the United States can use shale gas resources development
of technology and experience remains to be the authentication, when China
can realize shale gas resources of the continental commercial scale
development to estimate.
According to the Chinese government announced goal, by 2020 China unit
GDP than carbon dioxide emissions in 2005 fell by 40%-45%; Coal
consumption ratio from the current 70% to 64% of 2015; Natural gas
consumption ratio from 4%, rising to 8% in 2015 and 12% in 2020.
The so-called unconventional energy is under routine conditions can't get
oil and gas resources exploitation, in fact, may also understood to, must
want to have the government subsidies or policy support can have the
resources exploitation economy.
Unconventional natural gas mainly including compacted sandstone shale
gas, its, CBM, biological gas, water soluble gas and flammable ice, etc.
China in coal bed methane and tight sandstone gas are has achieved
commercial scale development, but its accounts for the proportion of
natural gas production is still quite limited.
"Shale gas" looking forward to it
Shale gas revolution of the United States to China, and even the whole
world brought exciting expectations, the two oil and gas industry BBS was
first unconventional natural gas as a BBS will theme, brought together
200 more than the two countries from oil and gas companies and the
government people, also for the largest one in unconventional natural gas
BBS. Discuss
But China's underground shale gas rich reserves of when can support the
expectations are still save variables, of which the most important is
technology.
China's domestic preliminary evaluation think, shale gas mainly about 21.
5-45 trillion cubic meters, the median for 30 trillion cubic meters,
distributed mainly in the south, northwest, north China, northeast China
and the qinghai-tibet 5 large area; Among them is in south and north west
accumulation conditions advantageous area and the main FuJiOu.
In 2011 the United States energy information association (EIA) report
argues that, global 32 have shale tectonic countries has about 5.76
quadrillion cubic feet of gas resources recoverable shale. Among them,
the shale gas geology resources in China about 145 trillion party,
recoverable resources 36 trillion party, surpassed the United States.
But these shale gas resources in China the optimistic estimates that in
the current stage just "on the water", only the key core technology
breakthrough just have realistic significance.
"The data also can see it, after all, China is a vast land, although it
is not implemented commercial extraction, but there is always place have
commercial extraction conditions, believe that it is only a matter of
time." A shale gas geological evaluation expert says.
In fact, China's largest oil companies, oil has been vying in sichuan in
China first bite primary shale gas evaluation Wells, and fracturing won
gas. China's southwest oil gas company general manager LiLuGuang said,
will try to realize shale gas in sichuan basin scale development, to
enlarge the volume of 1 billion cubic meters.
At the same time, continental shale gas development pioneer shaanxi
extended west oil Co., LTD WangXiang chief geologist increase also said
the goal is to 2015 years of shale gas output reached 500 million cubic
meters, next year yield target of 20 million cubic meters.
In addition, in addition to the oil in other domestic oil giant sinopec,
cnooc and henan CBM company has been in the research project, and shale
gas exploration shale gas development has also attracted the attention of
many other energy companies.
"Shale gas now so hot that, we also want to pay close attention to, if
there is a chance, can also get involved." The domestic energy company a
person said, "but now many good block are large oil and gas company to
circle go."
But the market is still a relatively cautious view, a capital strength of
the enterprise sources told Reuters. "just bystanders, haven't thought to
do not enter the (development shale gas), because a lot of risk in fact"
China has in July this year the first round of the shale gas exploration
competitive bidding, the only sinopec, cnooc, CNPC, China united coal-bed
methane, henan coalbed methane and extend the oil company six domestic
enterprises to participate in bidding, eventually, sinopec and henan CBM
company the bid.
Sinochem, citic resources such as oil and zhenhua has not been allowed to
attend; The foreign capital enterprise also failed to attend bid, but
China says welcome the domestic company and the cooperation.
Policy support will come
The Chinese government also positively to advance in the shale gas
support policies in. China's oil and gas resources of land and resources,
deputy director of the center for strategic studies, said China car long
wave to determine the shale gas independent minerals, encourage DuoZhong
the investment subject into shale gas exploration and development fields.
ZhangYuQing also said at the meeting, China is studying for 1025
development planning, is poised to dial the special fund is used for
natural gas exploration and development of science and technology
research, strive to horizontal well early breakthrough subsection key
technologies for fracturing shale gas development of laying solid
foundation, and is studying the price, subsidies, as well as special
funds and other policies to promote shale gas industry development.
Although policy munificent, technical problems in China is still spans
shale gas commercial development on the road of biggest obstacle.
"Our (shale gas) and the exploration many difficulties and underground
and ground environment complex... we lack of core technology, natural gas
prices low." The car long wave said.
However, China's oil and gas resources and the university of petroleum
exploration, deputy director of the state key laboratory ZhongNingNing
says, if can conquer continental shale gas exploration and development of
technical challenges, especially the horizontal well section fracturing
technology of natural gas, output would in a relatively short period of
time, growth to a higher level.