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China Gas Information
The work of letter data show that the disclosure in the first five months of this year, China's crude oil external dependence of 55.2%, more than the United States (53.5%). To import crude oil of excessive dependence on oil is known in the industry as "magic". Letter of the department of work data show that, in the United States to get rid of the oil spell "moment, our country is in a" spell "in. National energy expert consultation, deputy director of the commission of the land, in the week oil group such as the assistant general manager LiaoYongYuan when accepting a reporter to interview, says should expand natural gas consumption to get rid of our country to the excessive dependence on oil and solve the oil spell ".
According to information, the state of the imported crude oil excessive dependence on oil is called "magic", is a former the White House energy security adviser alessandro, David. In recent years, the United States for getting rid of the "oil spell" implemented include improving domestic oil production, expand natural gas consumption, improve the efficiency in the use of energy and encourage motor vehicle development of new energy and so on many measures.
Our country's energy experts weeks to tell a reporter, the earth 2007 U.S. crude oil external dependence to 67% in 2008 and dropped to 65.79% in 2009 and dropped to 61.5% in 2010 and to 62.7%, edged the first five months of this year and reduced from 53.5% to. U.S. President barack Obama in Washington Georgetown speech even claims that for the next 10 years the United States will put oil imports to cut to a third.
And the United States in recent years in China, by contrast, rapidly rising oil consumption ratio, oil dependence on foreign grows year by year. Data shows that Chinese foreign dependence on oil in 2007 to 49% in 2008 and 50%, breakthrough reached 53% in 2009, 55% in 2010, and this year 1 to 5 months, to 55.2%. Have institutions in China in 2020, predict oil external dependence will be more than 60%.
Should improve natural gas consumption ratio
Our country how to solve the oil spell "? Industry experts give answer is: learning from the American way of doing it, improve natural gas consumption ratio, in order to reduce oil imports of excessive dependence on oil especially.
According to information, as China's largest supplier of oil and gas, oil and gas takes the lead in the start "the Chinese" strategy. Sinopec, cnooc, domestic energy giant are involved. A natural gas consumption to expand the content of large-scale oil alternative plans to begin to implement, and become China's crack "oil spell" realistic choice.
"On October 1, 2004," west-east gas oil in a line of put into operation, marked "gas" strategy of China's strong open." LiaoYongYuan said, then the shanxi-beijing second line, the shanxi-beijing three line, acerbity NingLan multiple track, jiangsu LNG terminal and trunkline, "west-east gas second line are put into production, ect. Now, a total length of 40000 km covered nearly 27 provinces and Hong Kong's national natural gas pipe network basic formation. According to the national overall strategy in the request, oil will start "west-east gas three line, four lines, the shanxi-beijing four lines, five line pipeline engineering, etc.
Sinopec, cnooc, domestic oil and gas suppliers also fully follow up, increase the investment of natural gas business sector and development, especially sinopec "sichuan gas to the" project are put into operation, China's natural gas consumption for expanding into new driving force (310328, fund it). At the same time, the New Orleans group in hebei as a representative of the private capital also speed up the city gas pipeline network construction pace. China started to form to the oil, sinopec, etc for leading energy giant, many private capital for the development of natural gas in pattern.
LiaoYongYuan said, although with the United States and other countries, China's natural gas consumption ratio is still low, but continue to promote "gas strong China" strategy, to our country from the "oil spell" very important, at the same time, push forward economic development mode change the transformation is of great significance. He said, natural gas as a clean energy efficient, 1 m3 calorific value for more than 8500 calories, coke oven gas is more than double the 93 gasoline calorific value, equivalent to 1.17 times. And, the same calorific value of natural gas, its carbon dioxide emissions 43% less than coal, oil less than 28%.
With China's natural gas consumption continues to expand, at present solve "lack of gas" is one of the most important ways imports. The oil in the central Asia, Russia and China to build in east sea, Burma and LNG and so on four big oil and gas strategy channel. But LiaoYongYuan said, realize "gas strong China" the basic outlet lies in the development of domestic natural gas to unconventional.
National energy board oil and gas company ZhangYuQing priests had revealed that China has abundant natural gas resources, including, unconventional low permeability gas (including compacted sandstone gas) resources amounts to 100 trillion cubic meters, coalbed methane is about 30 trillion cubic meters, shale gas can reach 100 trillion cubic meters. According to expert analysis, at present the development of restricting our unconventional natural gas main bottleneck has two, one is the technical level is not high, and the second is the price mechanism is not suitable.
Focus on oil consumption elasticity coefficient
China university of petroleum industry and commerce administration, vice President of the college DongXiuCheng remind, need more than external dependence of concern is the oil consumption elasticity coefficient, also is oil consumption growth and the ratio of GDP growth.
The data shows, the letter work 1-5 months, China's oil consumption growth more than GDP. DongXiu achieve, this value more than ten years are more than 1, compared with western countries, the difference is too big. Japan, European oil consumption elasticity coefficient is 0.1 0.2, the United States is 0.3, this shows the economic growth in China is to develop high consumption industries, the future to change trend, only changing the style of economic growth, adjust the industrial structure.
"The United States dependence on foreign oil, why are we down and down, this question should be worth thinking." Xiamen university Chinese energy, director of the center for economic research LinBoJiang said, from oil production for, the United States has more advantages than our country, its resources than we rich, oil production can also increase, but China's oil production increase, too. From the oil consumption, it is the United States oil consumption basically had peak oil consumption, and our country is increasing. In this situation, the United States still have to reduce dependence on foreign oil is mainly from the point of view of energy security strategy.
LinBoJiang think, in today's world, oil security more risk is a great fluctuation in oil prices and the macro economic shock, and the macro economic DuoCi kidnapped by oil, and suffered from the economic crisis. Therefore, the United States from this Angle, vigorously develop shale gas technology in recent years, through the development of natural gas to replace oil, make domestic oil import proportion decline.
TongXiaoGuang think, America's experience and security strategy is worth reference, control oil external dependence has not been breakthrough 70%, our country also should have a oil consumption in the highest "roof", in the "roof" basis, to establish a series of energy policy to deal with.
Constructing China's energy security system
How to guarantee the safety of oil? Experts suggest that, our country should combine their own national conditions, formulate relevant policy, guarantee the stability of the economic and social development.
First of all, emphasis on energy conservation. TongXiaoGuang think, and Japan and other advanced countries, because of the economic structure and energy utilization technology itself, China's energy efficiency is very low, this also explain the great potential of energy conservation in China, through the strengthening technical and economic structure adjustment, which could increase the energy efficiency.
Second, develop alternative energy sources. Fudan university energy economic and strategic research center, executive deputy director WuLi wave think, will tell from domestic to speed up the development of new energy vehicle, reduce oil dependence on directly. Now the whole society, the big trend motorization can't change, accelerate new energy vehicles, especially the use of electric car, hybrid, pure electric vehicle development. Now, new energy vehicle demonstration projects after launch effect is not very good, market for its economic and safety questioned, this is actually in the process of the development of the emerging technology must experience stage, should stick to it.
Third, expand oil source. WuLi wave think, from supply for, to expand oil source, except that now existing relatively stable oil source, but also to actively for overseas investment and expansion. On one hand, should let private capital to enter the field to; On the other hand, to expand production technology in the depths of the sea.
Fourth, speed up the development of natural gas. TongXiaoGuang think of natural gas, the forming condition than oil low, distribution of natural gas, more extensive global ChuCai than oil amount. With large-scale construction of pipeline and LNG (liquefied natural gas) technology progress of natural gas, global trade become possible. In addition, at present natural gas price is cheap oil, natural gas in many of the specific use, can enlarge urban gas.