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China Gas Information
(Yawei Hua AI Forum 2025-0728)
China's vigorous development of a low-carbon energy system based on hydrogen energy is not simply about "finding another way out" due to the poor utilization path of wind and solar power, but based on the systematic demand for energy transformation, strategic layout of industrial upgrading, and scientific path to achieve deep decarbonization. The multifunctional properties of hydrogen make it a bridge connecting renewable energy and terminal decarbonization, and its strategic significance goes far beyond a single means of consumption. Specifically, it can be analyzed from the following five dimensions:
1、 Active selection of wind and solar power consumption and energy system optimization
1. Efficient utilization of volatile renewable energy
Wind and solar power have intermittency and volatility, and direct grid connection may lead to wind and solar power curtailment issues. Hydrogen energy, as an energy carrier, can convert surplus wind and solar power into green hydrogen storage through electrolysis of water, achieving the "electricity hydrogen" conversion. For example, the Da'an project in Jilin utilizes an 800 MW wind and solar power installation (700MW wind power+100MW photovoltaic power) to produce hydrogen through an off grid DC microgrid, producing 32000 tons of green hydrogen annually. This not only consumes electricity that could have been discarded, but also converts it into chemical energy that can be stored for a long time.
2. System innovation of integrated source network load storage
The Da'an project pioneered the full chain design of "green electricity → green hydrogen → green ammonia", which adjusts the second level fluctuations of wind and solar power to hourly level stable output through a flexible control system, matching the stability requirements of synthetic ammonia production. This "source grid load storage integration" model provides a technical model for building a new type of power system with new energy as the main body.
2、 Rigid demand for deep decarbonization: hydrogen energy is irreplaceable
1. High temperature and raw material substitution in the industrial field
Carbon emissions from industries such as steel, chemical, and shipping account for over 30% of the global total, and it is difficult to directly reduce emissions through electrification. For example:
-Chemical synthesis: Green hydrogen replaces grey hydrogen (fossil fuel based hydrogen production) to produce synthetic ammonia and methanol. The Da'an project reduces 650000 tons of CO ? annually, equivalent to the annual carbon emissions from electricity consumption of 500000 households.
-Iron and Steel Metallurgy: Hydrogen based direct reduction iron technology (such as hydrogen rich blast furnaces) can replace coke steelmaking and achieve deep decarbonization.
2. Zero emission solution for heavy transportation
Long distance transportation vehicles such as aviation, shipping, and heavy trucks are difficult to fully electrify due to limitations in battery energy density. Hydrogen energy and its derivatives (such as green ammonia and green aviation fuel) have become key options:
-Green ammonia has obtained EU low-carbon certification, and Da'an project products are exported to Japan, South Korea, and Europe.
-Hydrogen fuel cell heavy-duty trucks will sell over 3400 units domestically in 2024, becoming the main force for decarbonization in transportation.
3、 Strategic layout of technological innovation and industrial upgrading
1. Dual breakthrough of technological autonomy and cost reduction
-The electrolytic cell technology is developing towards large-scale and high-density production, and the mixed hydrogen production of alkaline electrolysis (ALK) and proton exchange membrane (PEM) is being applied on a large scale (the mixed production capacity of the Da'an project reaches 45600 standard cubic meters per hour).
-New solar energy system developed in China